| Osseointegrated implants |
| 1989 |
Roberts used conventional, two stage titanium implants in the retromolar region, also known as retromolar implant. |
| 1998 |
Akin-Nergiz et al., used osseous anchorage for orthodontic treatment. |
|
Endosseous palatal implants
|
| 1995 |
Block and Hoffman designed a new device (a subperiosteal disk) to provide anchorage for orthodontic tooth movement, namely the Onplant. |
| 1996 |
Wehrbein et al., inserted Orthosystem implants into the mid-palatal region for anchorage. |
|
Zygomatic anchorage
|
| 1998 |
Melsen et al., developed the Aarhus anchorage implants.
|
|
Mini screws
|
| 1998 |
Costa et al., used mini screws for orthodontic anchorage.
|
| Miniplates |
| 1999 |
Umemori, Sugawara et al., developed a skeletal anchorage system for tooth movements. It consists of a titanium trauma plate as an immobile anchorage. |
| 2000 |
Mommaerts et al., introduce a versatile Ortho_Bone_Anchor. The OBA, manufactured by Surgi-Tec, consists of a base-plate, a neck and a coronal part with hooks, tubes or brackets. |
| 2000 |
De Clerck developed the Bollard bone anchor. The Bollard, manufactured by Surgi-Tec, consists of a mini plate, a round bar and a cylindrical fixation unit with blocking screw. |
| 2006 |
Vanden Bulcke and Surgi-Tec developed the ST Bone Anchor. The ST Bone Anchor consists of a mini plate with a round neck which ends in a hook. |
